What is the primary function of ailerons on an aircraft?

The primary function of ailerons on an aircraft is to manage roll, which is the rotation of the aircraft around its longitudinal axis. Ailerons are located on the trailing edge of each wing, and when the pilot moves the control yoke or stick, one aileron deflects upward while the other deflects downward. This differential movement creates a difference in lift between the two wings: the wing with the upward-deflected aileron experiences decreased lift, while the wing with the downward-deflected aileron experiences increased lift. As a result, the aircraft rolls towards the wing with reduced lift.

Understanding this function is crucial for pilots as it allows them to maneuver the aircraft effectively during various flight phases, including turns and bank angles. While other options may relate to aircraft performance in different contexts, they do not accurately describe the role of ailerons, which is specifically geared towards controlling roll.